بررسی نقش واسط سوگیری روانشناختی در رابطه بین ابعاد فرهنگ ملی و رفتارهای غیرعقلایی

نوع مقاله : مدیریت و سازمان(اخلاق و مسئولیت اجتماعی، رهبری و تحول سازمانی، عملکرد سازمانی، ریسک، مدیریت منابع سازمانی، سطوح تحلیل سازمانی، بلوغ سازمانی، آسیب­‌شناسی سازمانی، نظام اداری، . . . )

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه مدیریت دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 دانشیار گروه مدیریت مالی و بیمه دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

سوگیری‌ها و رفتارهای غیرعقلایی افراد می‌تواند در ارزش‌های جمعی یا فرهنگ غالب جامعه ریشه داشته باشد. بروز چنین رفتارهایی از سوی سرمایه‌گذاران و در فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری در بازار سهام، موجب ناکارآیی بازار سرمایه شود. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر دو بعد آینده‌نگری و اجتناب از عدم اطمینان از ابعاد فرهنگ ملی بر پایه مطالعات پیشین انتخاب شد. سوگیری-های شناختی در قالب پنج مولفه؛ اعتماد بیش از حد، خوداسنادی، محافظه‌کاری، ابهام‌گریزی و رویدادهای اخیر به عنوان متغیر واسط و همچنین رفتار غیرعقلایی شامل ابعاد چهارگانه؛ توده‌واری، قماربازی، قانون اعداد کوچک و سوگیری خانگی به عنوان متغیر تابع تعیین گردیدند. نمونه مطالعه حاضر 424 نفر سرمایه‌گذاران حقیقی بورس اوراق بهادار تشکیل داد. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه در مقیاس 5 امتیازی لیکرت استفاده شد. پایایی و روایی آن به ترتیب با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، روایی محتوا و سازه به روش تحلیل عاملی تائیدی مورد تائید قرار گرفت. جهت برازش مدل و آزمون فرضیه‌ها از نرم‌افزار آموس و اس‌پی-اس‌اس استفاده شد. یافته‌های حاصل از تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد، آینده‌نگری با سوگیری‌های شناختی (معنی‌داری 126/2) و رفتارهای غیرعقلایی (448/3) رابطه معنی‌داری داشته ولی اجتناب از عدم اطمینان با سوگیری‌های شناختی (87/0-) و رفتارهای غیرعقلایی (از طریق سوگیری‌های شناختی با معنی‌داری 127/2) رابطه معنی‌داری ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Mediating Role of Psychological Bias Between Relationship of National Culture Dementias and Irrational Behaviors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeideh Bababjani Mohammadi 1
  • saeed Mortazavi 2
  • Yaghoob maharati 3
  • reza tehrani 4
1 Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM)
2 management department/ university of ferdosi
3 PhD, Management/Entrepreneurship, Department of Management, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
4 Associate Professor), Management/Finance, Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Tehran University
چکیده [English]

Cognitive biases and irrational behavior may be derived from collectively beliefs and values or dominant society culture. The incidence of such behavior could cause inefficiencies of capital markets, especially by investors and in decision-making process, in the stock market. In this regard, the present study, Future Oriented and Uncertainty Avoidance as the two dimensions of national culture were selected based on previous studies. Cognitive Biases in the form of five components,Overconfidence, Self-Attribution, Recenc, Ambiguity Aversion & Conservatism as a mediator variable and irrational behavior includes four dimensions, Herd Behavior, Gamblers, Law of Small Numbers & Home Bias, as a dependent variable were determined. The study sample included 424 individual investors from the stock exchange.To collecting data; Likert 5-point scale was used. Reliability and validity was confirmed respectively through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, content and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis.In order to model fitting and testing the hypotheses, SPSS18 and Amos was used. The results show that the dimension of Future Oriented have a significant relationship with cognitive biases (significance coefficient 2.126) and irrational behaviors (3.448) while dimension of Uncertainty Avoidance was not significantly correlated with cognitive biases (-0.87) and irrational behaviors (through the mediation of cognitive biases significance coefficient 2.127).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • National Culture
  • Cognitive Bias
  • Irrational Behavior Investment
  • Stock market
  • Meta-Analysis

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 شهریور 1396

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