مؤلفه های محیطی موثر بر انتقال تکنولوژی از دانشگاه به صنعت؛ مرور نظام مند و فراترکیب

نوع مقاله : فناوری(سیستم اطلاعاتی مدیریت، مدیریت دانش، برون سپاری، سیاستگذاری فناوری، انتقال فناوری، اکوسیستم فناوری، تجاری‌سازی فناوری، فناوری‌های پیشرفته، . . . )

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه، در مسیر تکامل دانشگاه‌ها، علاوه بر مأموریت‌های آموزش، پژوهش و کارآفرینی، وظیفه انتقال علم و تکنولوژی جامعه محور نیز بر وظایف قبلی دانشگاه‌ها اضافه گردیده است که موجب می‌گردد انتظار جامعه از آنان در توسعه‌ی اقتصادی به شدت افزایش یابد. لذا، برای توجیه سرمایه‌گذاری‌ در پژوهش، دانشگاه‌ها باید با توسعه‌ی ساختارهای داخلی و تعامل نزدیک با صنعت و جامعه، بر تقاضاهای جدید تجاری تمرکز نمایند. هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار در انتقال تکنولوژی از دانشگاه به صنعت با نگاه اکوسیستمی می‌باشد. روش تحقیق پژوهش حاضر، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از حیث ماهیت، کیفی با رویکرد اکتشافی است. جامعه‌‌ی آماری این پژوهش، مقالات حوزه‌ی انتقال تکنولوژی و تجاری‌سازی دانشگاهی از سال 2013 تا 2023 است. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات، مرور نظام‌مند مطالعات پیشین و روش فراترکیب است و انتخاب مقالات، بر اساس معیارهای روش پریزما بوده است. در راستای پاسخ به سؤال پژوهش، 128 مقاله مورد بررسی کامل قرار گرفت که درنهایت کدهای استخراج شده، به 137 زیرمفهوم،30 مفهوم و 5 مقوله دسته‌بندی و نتایج بر اساس نظر خبرگان، تعدیل و بومی سازی گردید. یافته-های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که انتقال تکنولوژی از دانشگاه به صنعت، فرآیندی پیچیده و چندسطحی است که می‌تواند در قالب مقوله‌های اصلی شامل: ویژگی‌ عرضه کننده تکنولوژی (دانشگاه)؛ ویژگی‌ گیرنده تکنولوژی (صنعت)؛ ویژگی‌تکنولوژی؛ ویژگی منطقه؛ و در نهایت قوانین و مقررات دسته بندی گردد. لذا به‌منظور توسعه‌ی اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان کشور و انتقال موفق تکنولوژی از دانشگاه به صنعت، توجه و تمرکز بر مفاهیم شناسایی شده در این پژوهش به سیاست‌گذاران حوزه‌ی علم و فناوری توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Components on Technology Transfer from University to Industry: Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shirin Saberi Kohan 1
  • Ahmad Reza Kasraei 2
  • Tahmoures Sohrabi 2
1 Department of Technology Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Industrial Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In addition to education and research, universities have increased their interaction with industry and society, and by focusing on technology transfer to industry, they contribute to the social and economic development of their regions and countries. In other words, in the evolution of their role, universities have moved from educational and research universities to entrepreneurial universities, and today, in the new generation of universities, the role of society-oriented science and technology transfer has been added to their previous roles. At present, society's expectation of the contribution of academic science to economic development has greatly increased. In this regard and to justify the investment in academic research, universities have started their entrepreneurial activities by investing in knowledge, interacting closely with industry, and developing internal structures to deal with new business demands. This research, with an ecosystem perspective, identifies environmental factors influencing the successful transfer of technology from university to industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology Transfer
  • Commercialization
  • Environment of Technology Transfer
  • Meta- synthesis
Abbas, A., Avdic, A., Chang Barker, K., & Xiaobao, P. (2018). Knowledge transfer from universities to industry through university technology transfer offices. Наука та інновації, (14,2), 5-18.
Abbas, A., Avdic, A., Xiaobao, P., Hasan, M. M., & Ming, W. (2019). University-government collaboration for the generation and commercialization of new knowledge for use in industry. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(1), 23-31.
Abdul Razak, A., & Murray, P. A. (2017). Innovation strategies for successful commercialisation in public universities. International Journal of Innovation Science, 9(3), 296-314.
Abdul Razak, A., Murray, P. A., & Roberts, D. (2014). Open innovation in universities: The relationship between innovation and commercialisation. Knowledge and Process Management, 21(4), 260-269.
Abramo, G., & D’Angelo, C. A. (2022). Drivers of academic engagement in public–private research collaboration: an empirical study. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 47(6), 1861-1884.
Agasisti, T., Egorov, A., & Serebrennikov, P. (2023). Universities’ efficiency and the socioeconomic characteristics of their environment—Evidence from an empirical analysis. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 85, 101445.
Alavi, H., & Hąbek, P. (2016). Optimizing outcome in the university-industry technology transfer projects. Management Systems in Production Engineering, 22(2), 94-100.
Albats, E., Alexander, A. T., & Cunningham, J. A. (2022). Traditional, virtual, and digital intermediaries in university-industry collaboration: exploring institutional logics and bounded rationality. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 177, 121470.
Algieri, B., Aquino, A., & Succurro, M. (2013). Technology transfer offices and academic spin-off creation: the case of Italy. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 38, 382-400.
Alibekova, G., Tleppayev, A., Medeni, T. D., & Ruzanov, R. (2019). Determinants of technology commercialization ecosystem for universities in Kazakhstan. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(4), 271-279.
Al-Tabbaa, O., & Ankrah, S. (2016). Social capital to facilitate ‘engineered’university–industry collaboration for technology transfer: A dynamic perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 104, 1-15.
Amboala, T. B., Nasirin, S., Lada, S. B., Seman, E. A., & Bahar, I. A. (2021, August). The commercialisation of Computing Artefacts and Technological Entrepreneurship in University Incubation Program. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Technology and Entrepreneurship (ICTE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Amirghodsi, S., Bonyadi Naeini, A., & Roozbehani, B. (2020). An integrated Shannon-PAF method on gray numbers to rank technology transfer strategies. Engineering Management Journal, 32(3), 186-207.
Bae, Z. T. (2018, August). Academic entrepreneurship: Commercialization of university research and entrepreneurship education at an entrepreneurial university. In 2018 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Baglieri, D., Baldi, F., & Tucci, C. L. (2018). University technology transfer office business models: One size does not fit all. Technovation, 76, 51-63.
Baglieri, D., Cesaroni, F., & Orsi, L. (2014). Does the nano-patent ‘Gold rush’lead to entrepreneurial-driven growth? Some policy lessons from China and Japan. Technovation, 34(12), 746-761.
Baraldi, E., Ingemansson, M., & Launberg, A. (2014). Controlling the commercialisation of science across inter-organisational borders: Four cases from two major Swedish universities. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(3), 382-391.
Battaglia, D., Landoni, P., & Rizzitelli, F. (2017). Organizational structures for external growth of University Technology Transfer Offices: An explorative analysis. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 45-56.
Battaglia, D., Paolucci, E., & Ughetto, E. (2021). Opening the black box of university Proof-of-Concept programs: Project and team-based determinants of research commercialization outcomes. Technovation, 108, 102334.
Battaglia, D., Paolucci, E., & Ughetto, E. (2023). Hurdles in University-Industry Technology Transfer: Why Research-Based Inventions are Not Transferred to the Market?. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management.
Bellini, E., Piroli, G., & Pennacchio, L. (2019). Collaborative know-how and trust in university–industry collaborations: Empirical evidence from ICT firms. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44(6), 1939-1963.
Bengtsson, L. (2017). A comparison of university technology transfer offices’ commercialization strategies in the Scandinavian countries. Science and Public Policy, 44(4), 565-577.
Berggren, E. (2017). Researchers as enablers of commercialization at an entrepreneurial university. Journal of Management Development, 36(2), 217-232.
Blankesteijn, M., Bossink, B., & van der Sijde, P. (2021). Science-based entrepreneurship education as a means for university-industry technology transfer. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 17(2), 779-808.
Boehm, D. N., & Hogan, T. (2013). Science-to-Business collaborations: A science-to-business marketing perspective on scientific knowledge commercialization. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(4), 564-579.
Bradley, S. R., Hayter, C. S., & Link, A. N. (2013). Models and methods of university technology transfer. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 9(6), 571-650.
Bramwell, D.A., & Wolfe (2008). Universities and regional economic development: The entrepreneurial University of Waterloo. Research Policy, (37), 1175-1187.
Brantnell, A., & Baraldi, E. (2022). Understanding the roles and involvement of technology transfer offices in the commercialization of university research. Technovation, 115, 102525.
Breslauer, G. W. (2016). UC Berkeley’s adaptations to the crisis of public higher education in the US: Privatization? Commercialization? Or hybridization?. In The university under pressure (Vol. 46, pp. 425-452). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Burkholder, P., & Hulsink, W. (2022). Academic intrapreneurship for health care innovation: the importance of influence, perception, and time management in knowledge commercialization at a University’s Medical Centre. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 1-29.
Calcagnini, G., & Favaretto, I. (2016). Models of university technology transfer: analyses and policies. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 41, 655-660.
Calcagnini, G., Giombini, G., Liberati, P., & Travaglini, G. (2016). A matching model of university–industry collaborations. Small Business Economics, 46, 31-43.
Carayannis, E. G., Cherepovitsyn, A. Y., & Ilinova, A. A. (2016). Technology commercialization in entrepreneurial universities: the US and Russian experience. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 41, 1135-1147.
Cartaxo, R. M., & Godinho, M. M. (2017). How institutional nature and available resources determine the performance of technology transfer offices. Industry and Innovation24(7), 713-734.
Casper, S. (2013). The spill-over theory reversed: The impact of regional economies on the commercialization of university science. Research Policy, 42(8), 1313-1324.
Chang, X., Chen, Q., & Fong, P. S. (2015). Scientific disclosure and commercialization mode selection for university technology transfer. Science and Public Policy, 43(1), 85-101.
Chatterjee, D., Leisyte, L., Dasappa, S., & Sankaran, B. (2018). University research commercialization in emerging economies: a glimpse into the ‘black box’. Science and Public Policy, 45(3), 361-372.
Chukhray, N. I., & Mrykhina, O. B. (2018). Theoretical and methodological basis for technology transfer from universities to the business environment. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 16(1), 399.
Confraria, H., & Vargas, F. (2019). Scientific systems in Latin America: performance, networks, and collaborations with industry. The journal of technology transfer, 44(3), 874-915.
Cullen, M. D., Calitz, A. P., & Chetty, M. A. (2020). Factors affecting researcher participation in technology commercialisation: A South African university case study. The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management, 12(1), 12.
Cunningham, J. A., Lehmann, E. E., Menter, M., & Seitz, N. (2019). The impact of university focused technology transfer policies on regional innovation and entrepreneurship. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44, 1451-1475.
Cunningham, J. A., Menter, M., & Young, C. (2017). A review of qualitative case methods trends and themes used in technology transfer research. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42, 923-956.
Czerwińska-Lubszczyk, A., Grebski, M., & Jagoda-Sobalak, D. (2020). Cooperation of universities with business in Poland and the USA–perspective of scientific environment. Management Systems in Production Engineering, 28(1), 40-46.
Daniel, A. D., & Alves, L. (2020). University-industry technology transfer: the commercialization of university’s patents. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 18(3), 276-296.
De-Carli, E., Ferasso, M., Segatto, A., & Alves, F. (2016, May). The dilemma of industry-university cooperation processes within technology transfer offices: Evidence from three Brazilian case studies. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Association for Management of Technology Conference IAMOT (pp. 15-19).
Delkhahi, SH. (2022). What is an Ecosystem? https://faradars.org (In Persian).
Dell’Anno, D., & Del Giudice, M. (2015). Absorptive and desorptive capacity of actors within university-industry relations: does technology transfer matter?. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 4, 1-20.
Fang, H., Wang, J., Yang, Q., Liu, X., & Cao, L. (2022). Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factor analysis of universities’ technology transfer level in China: The perspective of innovation ecosystems. Plos one, 17(6), e0270514.
Fang, H., Yang, Q., Wang, J., & Liu, X. (2021). Coupling Coordination between Technology Transfer in Universities and High‐Tech Industries Development in China. Complexity, 2021(1), 1809005.
Fedosova, T. V., & Babikova, A. V. (2016, November). Priorities and methodological approaches to the selection of results of intellectual activity for the account and the commercialization of the university. In 2016 IEEE V Forum Strategic Partnership of Universities and Enterprises of Hi-Tech Branches (Science. Education. Innovations) (pp. 65-68). IEEE.
Gachanja, I. M. (2023). Influence of technology transfer from universities on manufacturing firms’ innovative performance. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 7(2), 115-126.
Gachie, W., & Govender, D. W. (2017). Commercialization of higher education institutions’ research within the National System of Innovation. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 9(4), 387-397.
Gao, J. H. H., & Haworth, N. (2016). Servicing academics and building relationships: the case of two university commercialisation offices in A ustralia. R&D Management, 46(S2), 653-663.
Gieure, C., Benavides-Espinosa, M. D. M., & Roig-Dobón, S. (2019). Entrepreneurial intentions in an international university environment. International journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & research, 25(8), 1605-1620.
Giuri, P., Munari, F., & Pasquini, M. (2013). What determines university patent commercialization? Empirical evidence on the role of IPR ownership. Industry and Innovation, 20(5), 488-502.
Gong, H., Nie, L., Peng, Y., Peng, S., & Liu, Y. (2020). The innovation value chain of patents: Breakthrough in the patent commercialization trap in Chinese universities. Plos one, 15(3), e0230805.
Gu,J. (2023). Commercialization of academic patents in Chinese universities: Antecedents and spatial spillovers. Heliyon, 9(3).
Habibi, A. (2020). Organizational environment. https://parsmodir.com (In Persian).
Hasabi, F., Elahi, SH., Hassanzadeh, M., & Shayan, A. (2021). A comprehensive commercial analysis of science and technology. Islamic Revolution, Expanded by Karafrini, 14(3), 401-420.‎
Heinzl, J., Kor, A. L., Orange, G., & Kaufmann, H. R. (2013). Technology transfer model for Austrian higher education institutions. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 38, 607-640.
Hmieleski, K. M., & Powell, E. E. (2018). The psychological foundations of university science commercialization: A review of the literature and directions for future research. Academy of Management Perspectives, 32(1), 43-77.
Hoc, L. H., & Trong, N. D. (2019). University–industry linkages in promoting technology transfer: A study of Vietnamese technical and engineering universities. Science, Technology and Society, 24(1), 73-100.
Hsu, D. H., Hsu, P. H., Zhou, T., & Ziedonis, A. A. (2021). Benchmarking US university patent value and commercialization efforts: A new approach. Research Policy, 50(1), 104076.
Hsu, D. W., Shen, Y. C., Yuan, B. J., & Chou, C. J. (2015). Toward successful commercialization of university technology: Performance drivers of university technology transfer in Taiwan. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 92, 25-39.
Huang-Saad, A., Fay, J., & Sheridan, L. (2017). Closing the divide: accelerating technology commercialization by catalyzing the university entrepreneurial ecosystem with I-Corps™. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(6), 1466-1486.
Ito, T., Kaneta, T., & Sundstrom, S. (2015). Does university entrepreneurship work in Japan?: a comparison of industry-university research funding and technology transfer activities between the UK and Japan. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 5, 1-21.
Johnson, D., Bock, A. J., & George, G. (2019). Entrepreneurial dynamism and the built environment in the evolution of university entrepreneurial ecosystems. Industrial and Corporate Change, 28(4), 941-959.
Kalantaridis, C. (2019). Is university ownership a sub-optimal property rights regime for commercialisation? Information conditions and entrepreneurship in Greater Manchester, England. The journal of technology transfer, 44, 231-249.
Kalantaridis, C., & Küttim, M. (2021). University ownership and information about the entrepreneurial opportunity in commercialisation: a systematic review and realist synthesis of the literature. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 46(5), 1487-1513.
Kalantaridis, C., & Küttim, M. (2023). Multi-dimensional time and university technology commercialisation as opportunity praxis: A realist synthesis of the accumulated literature. Technovation, 122, 102685.
Kergroach, S., Meissner, D., & Vonortas, N. S. (2018). Technology transfer and commercialisation by universities and PRIs: benchmarking OECD country policy approaches. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 27(5-6), 510-530.
Khalil, T. (2013). Technology management: the secret to success in competition and wealth creation. Tehran: Publications of the Cultural Research Office, 1(7) (In Persian).
Khorsheed, M. S., & Al-Fawzan, M. A. (2014). Fostering university–industry collaboration in Saudi Arabia through technology innovation centers. Innovation, 16(2), 224-237.
Kotha, R., George, G., & Srikanth, K. (2013). Bridging the mutual knowledge gap: Coordination and the commercialization of university science. Academy of Management Journal, 56(2), 498-524.
Krätzig, O., & Sick, N. (2021). Exploring the role of entrepreneurial passion for facilitating university technology commercialization: Insights from battery research as an interdisciplinary field. Journal of engineering and technology management, 60, 101627.
Kraujalienė, L. (2019). Comparative analysis of multicriteria decision-making methods evaluating the efficiency of technology transfer. Business, Management and Education, 17(1), 72-93.
Kruachottikul, P., Dumrongvute, P., Tea-makorn, P., Kittikowit, S., & Amrapala, A. (2023). New product development process and case studies for deep-tech academic research to commercialization. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 48.
Lee, J., & Stuen, E. (2016). University reputation and technology commercialization: evidence from nanoscale science. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 41, 586-609.
Leitner, K. H., Bergner, S., & Rybnicek, R. (2021). The role of heads of departments in the commercialization of university research. Journal of Business Economics, 91, 353-378.
Lind, J. K. (2020). Resource environment and hierarchy in universities. Science and Public Policy, 47(2), 184-193.
Lindelöf, P. (2011). Formal Institutional Contexts As Ownership Of Intellectual Property Rights And Their Implications For The Organization Of Commercialization Of Innovations At Universities—Comparative Data From Sweden And The United Kingdom. International Journal of Innovation Management, 15(05), 1069-1092.
Liu, C. H., Hou, M. C., & Chen, C. H. (2018, June). Applying Service Design Method to Technology Transfer Process: A Pilot Study. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
Lopes, J. N., Farinha, L. M., Ferreira, J. J., & Ferreira, F. A. (2018). Peeking beyond the wall: Analysing university technology transfer and commercialisation processes. International Journal of Technology Management, 78(1-2), 107-132.
M’chirgui, Z., Lamine, W., Mian, S., & Fayolle, A. (2018). University technology commercialization through new venture projects: an assessment of the French regional incubator program. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43, 1142-1160.
Ma, D., Cai, Z., & Zhu, C. (2022). Technology transfer efficiency of universities in China: A three-stage framework based on the dynamic network slacks-based measurement model. Technology in Society, 70, 102031.
Manning, S., Massini, S. & Lewin, A. Y. (2008), A dynamic perspective on next-generation offshoring: The global sourcing of science and engineering talent. Academy of Management Perspectives, August, 35-54.
Maphumulo, S. D., & Nel, H. (2019, December). Transfer and commercialization of technologies from universities to small companies in South Africa. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (pp. 674-680). IEEE.
Marozau, R., & Guerrero, M. (2016). Conditioning factors of knowledge transfer and commercialisation in the context of post-socialist economies: The case of Belarusian higher education institutions. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 27(4), 441-462.
Marques, A. V., Marques, C., Braga, V., & Marques, P. M. (2019). University-industry technology transfer within the context of RIS3 North of Portugal. Knowledge Management Research & Practice.
Mascarenhas, C., Marques, C. S., Galvão, A. R., Carlucci, D., Falcão, P. F., & Ferreira, F. A. (2019). Analyzing technology transfer offices’ influence for entrepreneurial universities in Portugal. Management Decision, 57(12), 3473-3491.
McAdam, M., Miller, K., & McAdam, R. (2017). University business models in disequilibrium–engaging industry and end users within university technology transfer processes. R&D Management, 47(3), 458-472.
Menshikov, V., Kokina, I., & Ruza, O. (2021). The entrepreneurial potential of Latvian students: the role of the university environment. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 9(1), 502.
Mesny, A., Pinget, N., & Mailhot, C. (2016). The commercialization of academic outputs in the administrative sciences: A multiple‐case study in a university‐based business school. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 33(4), 290-303.
Narayan, A. K., Northcott, D., & Parker, L. D. (2017). Managing the accountability–autonomy tensions in university research commercialisation. Financial Accountability & Management, 33(4), 335-355.
Nugent, A., & Chan, H. F. (2023). Outsourcing university research commercialization to a sophisticated technology transfer office: Evidence from Australian universities. Technovation, 125, 102762.
Oliveira Lima, R., Gonçalves Lins, R., & Acácio de Andrade, A. (2022). A Novel Method for Assessing the Impacts of Innovation and Technology Transfer: A Case Study of Brazilian Manufacturers in the Electric Energy Sector. Brazilian Business Review (Portuguese Edition), 19(3).
Palo-oja, O. M., & Kivijärvi, M. (2015). Commercialisation of academic research-a sensemaking analysis of key participants' roles. International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management, 15(2-4), 154-169.
Perkmann, M., Tartari, V., McKelvey, M., Autio, E., Broström, A., D’este, P., ... & Sobrero, M. (2013). Academic engagement and commercialisation: A review of the literature on university–industry relations. Research policy, 42(2), 423-442.
Petrunia, Y., Chentsov, V., Życzyński, N., & Petrunia, V. (2019). Marketing environment and marketing management of universities in Ukraine: national and regional dominants. Innovative Marketing, 15(1), 1-12.
Phillips, A., Tumarkin, P., & Peyghambarian, N. (2018). Entrepreneurship and Commercialization At Universities: A Faculty Perspective. Technology & Innovation, 19(3), 601-603.
Pohlmann, J. R., Duarte Ribeiro, J. L., & Marcon, A. (2024). Inbound and outbound strategies to overcome technology transfer barriers from university to industry: a compendium for technology transfer offices. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 36(6), 1166-1178.
Puerta Sierra, L. M., & Jasso Villazul, S. J. (2018). University-industry linkage and technology transfer management: A quantitative study of an entrepreneurial university. Journal of Management Development, 37(7), 573-585.
Quiñones, R. S., Caladcad, J. A. A., Quiñones, H. G., Castro, C. J., Caballes, S. A. A., Abellana, D. P. M., ... & Ocampo, L. A. (2020). Priority challenges of university technology transfer with interpretative structural modeling and MICMAC analysis. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 17(05), 2050038.
Reamer, A. et al (2003). Technology Transfer and Commercialization: Their Role in Economic Development. Economic Development Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Redondo, M., Camarero, C., & van der Sijde, P. (2022). Exchange of knowledge in protected environments. The case of university business incubators. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(3), 838-859.
Rocha, A. K. L. D., Moraes, G. H. S. M. D., & Fischer, B. (2022). The role of university environment in promoting entrepreneurial behavior: evidence from heterogeneous regions in Brazil. Innovation & Management Review, 19(1), 39-61.
ROSDI, S. A. M., RAMDAN, M. R., Sabrinah, A. D. A. M., & FUZI, N. M. (2022). Distribution-support technologies in commercialisation: the Malaysia Research Universities (RU) Experiences.유통과학연구 (JDS), 20(11), 11-17.
Rosendo-Rios, V., Ghauri, P. N., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Empirical analysis of the key factors that can contribute to university-industry cooperational success from a relationship marketing approach. European Journal of International Management, 10(6), 647-677.
Rusli, M. H. B. M., & Rozmi, A. N. A. (2014, August). Redefining the university science park model in UniKL BMI academic setting: A conceptual study on economic growth through Tech Entrepreneurship, innovation and commercialization. In 2014 4th International Conference on Engineering Technology and Technopreneuship (ICE2T) (pp. 23-27). IEEE.
Safarzad, H., Azma, F., Saeeidi, P., & Aghajani, H. (2020). The presentation of the model of commercialization of knowledge based products with an emphasis on resistance policies. Quarterly Journal of The Macro and Strategic Policies, 8(1), 3-22. (In Persian).
Samiei Nasr, M., Sadeghpour, A. A., & Tagavi Gilani, M. (2013). Effective management of technology transfer, SAD Publications (In Persian).
Sargent, J., & Matthews, L. (2014). Latin American universities and technology commercialization. Latin American Business Review, 15(2), 167-190.
Schuelke-Leech, B. A. (2013). Resources and research: An empirical study of the influence of departmental research resources on individual STEM researchers involvement with industry. Research Policy, 42(9), 1667-1678.
Seno Wulung, R. B., Takahashi, K., & Morikawa, K. (2018). A model for selecting appropriate technology for incubator-university collaboration by considering the technology transfer mechanism. International Journal of Production Research, 56(6), 2309-2321.
Sesen, H. (2013). Personality or environment? A comprehensive study on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Education+ training, 55(7), 624-640.
Shatokha, V. I., & Polushenko, V. А. (2014). Management of innovation commercialization processes: experience of sweden universities and possible ways of its use in ukraine. Science, 10(3), 55-60.
Shen, H., Coreynen, W., & Huang, C. (2022). Exclusive licensing of university technology: The effects of university prestige, technology transfer offices, and academy-industry collaboration. Research Policy, 51(1), 104372.
Sideri, K., & Panagopoulos, A. (2018). Setting up a technology commercialization office at a non-entrepreneurial university: An insider’s look at practices and culture. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43, 953-965.
Soleimani, M., Tabriz, A. A., & Shavarini, S. K. (2016). Developing a model to explain the process of technology transfer at entrepreneurial university. Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, 15(4), 298-306.
Stemberkova, R., Maresova, P., David, O. O., & Adeoye, F. (2021). Knowledge management model for effective technology transfer at universities. Industry and Higher Education, 35(6), 638-649.
Sternberg, R. (2014). Success factors of university-spin-offs: Regional government support programs versus regional environment. Technovation, 34(3), 137-148.
Taheri, M., & van Geenhuizen, M. (2016). Teams' boundary-spanning capacity at university: Performance of technology projects in commercialization. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 111, 31-43.
Terán-Bustamante, A., Martínez-Velasco, A., & López-Fernández, A. M. (2021). University–industry collaboration: a sustainable technology transfer model. Administrative Sciences, 11(4), 142.
Triulzi, G., Pyka, A., & Scholz, R. (2014). R&D and knowledge dynamics in university-industry relationships in biotech and pharmaceuticals: an agent-based model. International Journal of Biotechnology 6, 13(1-3), 137-179.
Tsybulev, P. N., & Korsun, V. F. (2014). Commercialization of intellectual property by universities and research institutes: us experience and possibilities for its use within ukraine. Science, 10(3), 45-54.
Van Horne, C., & Dutot, V. (2017). Challenges in technology transfer: an actor perspective in a quadruple helix environment. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(2), 285-301.
Viana, L., Jabour, D., Ramirez, P., & da Cruz, G. (2018). Patents go to the market? University-industry technology transfer from a Brazilian perspective. Journal of technology management & innovation, 13(3), 24-35.
Villani, E., Rasmussen, E., & Grimaldi, R. (2017). How intermediary organizations facilitate university–industry technology transfer: A proximity approach. Technological forecasting and social change, 114, 86-102.
Wang, W., & Liu, Y. (2022). Does University-industry innovation community affect firms’ inventions? The mediating role of technology transfer. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 47(3), 906-935.
Weckowska, D. M. (2015). Learning in university technology transfer offices: Transactions-focused and relations-focused approaches to commercialization of academic research. Technovation, 41, 62-74.
Weckowska, D. M., Molas‐Gallart, J., Tang, P., Twigg, D., Castro‐Martínez, E., Kijeńska‐Dąbrowska, I. , ... & Meyer, M. (2018). University patenting and technology commercialization–legal frameworks and the importance of local practice. R&D Management, 48(1), 88-108.
Wessner, C.W. (2005). Entrepreneurship and the innovation ecosystem policy lessons from the United States. In Local Heroes in the Global Village, Springer, Boston, MA.
Wu, Y., Welch, E. W., & Huang, W. L. (2015). Commercialization of university inventions: Individual and institutional factors affecting licensing of university patents. Technovation, 36, 12-25.
Würmseher, M. (2017). To each his own: Matching different entrepreneurial models to the academic scientist's individual needs. Technovation, 59, 1-17.
Xia, H., Weng, J., & Zhang, J. (2022). Effectiveness of industry-university-research cooperation in China: impact of innovation input and open innovation environment. International Journal of Innovation Science, 14(1), 62-78.
Yamaguchi, Y., Fujimoto, J., Yamazaki, A., & Koshiyama, T. (2017, July). Three-Layer Structure among Technology Transfer, Industry-Academia Collaboration, and Basic Research in Universities. In 2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). 1-12. IEEE.
Yang, Y., Chen, H., Zhang, Q., & Lei, J. (2018). The commercialization of university and research institutes’ science-based innovations: The four successful Chinese cases. Journal of Industrial Integration and Management, 3(03), 1850013.
Zanger, C., & Geissler, M. (2018, August). Entrepreneurial Environment of the university: opportunities for technological spin-offs. In 2018 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). 1-5. IEEE.