مفهوم‌پردازی مدل عوامل مؤثر بر تأمین مالی جمعی شرکت‌های دانش بنیان (مورد مطالعه: حوزه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و نرم‌افزارهای رایانه‌ای)

نوع مقاله : مدیریت کارآفرینی( مدیریت کسب­‌وکار، فرایندهای کسب­‌وکار، سیاست‌های کارآفرینانه، کارآفرینی سازمانی، اکوسیستم کارآفرینی، فضای کسب­‌وکار، مدل‌های کسب­‌وکار، چرخه حیات کسب و کارها، . . . )

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

شرکت‌های دانش بنیان نقش بسیار مهمی در رقابت‌پذیری و توسعه کشور دارند. این در حالی است که به علت محدود بودن منابع مالی، طراحی و انتخاب یک روش تأمین نقدینگی مناسب برای این شرکت‌ها حائز اهمیت است. لذا پژوهش حاضر به مفهوم‌پردازی مدل عوامل مؤثر بر تأمین مالی جمعی شرکت‌های دانش بنیان پرداخته است. رویکرد پژوهش، کیفی از نوع نظریه داده بنیاد بود. جامعه موردمطالعه، مدیران شرکت‌های دانش بنیان استان‌های کرمانشاه، همدان و کردستان در حوزه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و نرم‌افزارهای رایانه‌ای و خبرگان از بخش‌های خصوصی و دولتی ذیربط بودند. بر این اساس، 35 نفر از خبرگان با روش نمونه‌گیری قضاوتی و گلوله برفی، تا دستیابی به اشباع نظری داده‌ها، تحت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته قرار گرفتند. روش تجزیه و تحلیل، رویکرد نظام‌مند استراوس و کوربین بود. به اختصار، نتایج نشان داد مدل عوامل مؤثر بر تأمین مالی جمعی شرکت‌های دانش بنیان، شامل 73 مفهوم و 24 زیرمقوله است که در قالب پدیده محوری، شرایط علّی، شرایط زمینه‌ای، شرایط مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و پیامدها قابل طبقه‌بندی هستند. مهم‌ترین راهبردهای مدل عبارتند از: تدوین برنامه امکانسنجی دقیق، تدوین ساختار سازمانی منسجم، طراحی نظام ارزش‌آفرینی، طراحی سیستم مدیریت مالی، طراحی سیستم حمایت از مالکیت معنوی. در نهایت، پیشنهادهایی از جمله راه‌اندازی پلتفرم‌های تأمین مالی جمعی بومی، افزایش تعداد کارگزاری‌های خدمات تخصصی تجاری‌سازی، معرفی نمونه‌های موفق تأمین مالی جمعی و ارائه گزارش‌های شفاف مالی جهت اعتمادسازی، در راستای توسعه تأمین مالی جمعی برای شرکت‌های دانش بنیان ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Conceptualizing the Model of Factors Affecting the Crowdfunding of Knowledge-Based Companies (Case study: Information & Communication Technology & Computer Software Field)

نویسنده [English]

  • saba amiri
Assistant Professor, Management and Entrepreneurship Department, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University
چکیده [English]

Knowledge-based companies have a very important role in the competitiveness and development of the country. However, due to limited financial resources, designing and choosing a suitable method of providing liquidity for these companies is important. Therefore, the present study has conceptualized the model of factors affecting the crowdfunding of knowledge-based companies. The research approach was a qualitative method and based on grounded theory. The study population was the managers of knowledge-based companies in Kermanshah, Hamedan and Kurdistan provinces in the field of information and communication technology and computer software and experts from the private and public sectors. Accordingly, 35 experts were subjected to semi-structured interviews using judgmental and snowball sampling methods to achieve data theoretical saturation. The method of data analysis was the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin. In summary, the results showed that the model of factors affecting crowdfunding of knowledge-based companies includes 73 concepts and 24 subcategories that can be classified in the form of central phenomena, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. The most important strategies of the model are: writing of accurate feasibility plan, development of a coherent organizational structure, design of value creation system, design of financial management system, design of intellectual property protection system. Finally, proposals such as launching indigenous crowdfunding platforms, increasing the number of specialized commercialization services brokerages, introducing successful samples of crowdfunding, and providing transparent financial reports to build trust, in order to develop crowdfunding for knowledge-based companies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crowdfunding
  • Technology
  • knowledge-based company
  • Investment
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