تاثیر رهبری امنیت مدار بر رفتارهای اخلاقی پرستاران: تبیین نقش تعدیلگر تاب آوری فردی(مورد مطالعه:پرستاران بیمارستان های دولتی استان مازندران)

نوع مقاله : مدیریت و سازمان(اخلاق و مسئولیت اجتماعی، رهبری و تحول سازمانی، عملکرد سازمانی، ریسک، مدیریت منابع سازمانی، سطوح تحلیل سازمانی، بلوغ سازمانی، آسیب­‌شناسی سازمانی، نظام اداری، . . . )

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

2 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران

3 دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری دانشگاه مازندران

10.22080/jem.2023.23923.3772

چکیده

کادر درمان، از جمله پرستاران درخط مقدم ارایه خدمات در بیمارستان‎ها قرار دارند. بروز رفتارهای اخلاقی توأم با تاب‎آوری، لازمه ایفای وظایف سخت در شرایط دشوار محیط شغلی، خصوصاً در قبال بیماران می‎باشد. رفتارهای افراد، تابع عوامل متعددی است که یکی از این عوامل حائز اهمیت، همسویی و تناسب سبک رهبری مدیران با مقتضیات افراد و محیط شغلی آنها است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر رهبری امنیت‎مدار بر رفتارهای اخلاقی پرستاران با نقش واسط تاب‎آوری است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی، از نظر شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات، توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی و ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسشنامه می باشد. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق، پرستاران بیمارستان‌های دولتی استان مازندران هستند که ازبین آنها با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان، در نهایت 310 پرسشنامه قابل تحلیل، جمع آوری و مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت. جمع‎آوری داده‎ها با استفاده از سه پرسشنامه رفتار اخلاقی گریگوری سی پتی (1990)، تاب آوری فردی کانر و دیویدسون (2003) و رهبری امنیت مدار کومب (2010) صورت گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم افزار SPSS و PLS استفاده شده است. آلفای کرونباخ بدست آمده از پرسشنامه 949/0 است.  نتایج پژوهش با توجه به ضرایب معناداریt  و ضرایب مسیر، نشان می‎دهد رهبری امنیت مدار بر رفتارهای اخلاقی پرستاران با ضریب معناداری 252/6 اثر مثبت و معناداری می‎گذارد. همچنین نقش تعدیل‌گری متغیر تاب‎آوری فردی در رابطه‎ی میان تأثیر رهبری امنیت مدار بر رفتارهای اخلاقی پرستاران، با ضریب معناداری 078/8 مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. در پایان پژوهش، پیشنهاداتی برای مدیران سازمان‎های مربوطه و محققین آتی ارایه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Secure base Leadership on Nursing Ethical Behaviors: Determining the Role of Individual Resilience Moderator. (Case study: Governmental Hospitals in Mazandaran province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Movaghar 1
  • Mohsen Alizadeh Sani 2
  • zeinab andevari sorek 3
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran
3 Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran
چکیده [English]

Medical staff, including nurses, are at the forefront of providing services in hospitals. Research, people's behaviors are subject to several factors that alignment and proportionality of managers' leadership style with the requirements of individuals and related job environment is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of security leadership on ethical behaviors of nurses with the role of nurses' resilience intermediate.In terms of purpose, this study was applied and descriptive in terms of data collection method and correlation and data collection tool was also a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was nurses of public hospitals in Mazandaran province, among whom 310 analysed questionnaires were collected using Krejcie and Morgan tables and analyzed.Data were collected using three questionnaires: Gregory C. Petit's Ethical Behavior Questionnaire (1990), Connor and Davidson's Individual Resilience (2003) and Combe's Security Leadership (2010). SPSS22, PLS3 and Excel software have been used to analyze the data. Cronbach's alpha obtained from the questionnaire was 0.949.  The results of this study, considering the significant Z coefficients and path coefficients, show that security-oriented leadership has a positive and significant effect on nurses' ethical behaviors with a significant coefficient of 6. 252.Also, the moderating role of individual resilience variable in a relationship between the effect of security-oriented leadership on nurses' ethical behaviors with a significant coefficient of 8.078 was also confirmed. At the end of the research, suggestions have been presented for managers in relevant organizations as well as for future researchers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ethical Behaviors of Nurses
  • Hospital
  • Individual resilience
  • Security-oriented leadership
Abzari, M. & Yazdanshenas, M.(2007). Social responsibility and work ethic in modern quality management, Management Culture, 5th year, No. 15,24-5.(in Persian)
Ahmadi, B., Mossadegh Rad, A.M. & Karami, B.(2019). The effect of resilience skills training on quality of work life of nurses: a randomized control study, Payesh Journal, Volume 18, Issue(3), 279-289.(in Persian)
Ahmadi, K., Fatemi, A., Lotfi, O. (2016). Analysis of Relationships between Secure Based Leadership, Organizational Trust and Ethical Climate. Ethics in Science and Technology 2016; 11 (2) :77-84
Ahmadi, R. & Sharifi Moneti, P.(2014). The effectiveness of resilience training on mental health of people with substance dependency in Tosca Center in Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Clinical Psychology, Issue 16, 4th Year, Autumn 2014.(in Persian)
Ainsworth, M.D.S (1978).Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist, 44, 70-97.
Alwani, S.M.(2004). Ethics and Management towards integrated ethics system in the organization, Journal of Management Studies, No. 41-42.( in Persian)
Amoozegar, Khodabandelou & Ale Ebrahim. (2018). Major trends in distance education research: A combination of bibliometric and thematic analyze. International Journal of Information Research and Review, 5(2), 5352-5359.
Attarian, Y(2012). Comparing psychological hardiness, sensation seeking and personality traits ... , Journal of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, 3rd year, year 11, issues (1 and 2), 101-120.( in Persian)
Attenborough, J., Abbott, S., Brook, J., & Knight, R. A. (2020). Pioneering New Roles in Healthcare: Nursing Associate Students' Experiences of Work-Based Learning in the United Kingdom. Work Based Learning e-Journal International9(1), 35-60.‏
Beheshtifar, M. & Nekooi Moqaddam, M.(2010). The relationship between managers' ethical behavior and employees' job satisfaction. Quarterly Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology, 5(1 and 2):67-73. ( in Persian)
Benard, B, (1995). Fostering resilience in children, Council for Exceptional Children (ERIC No, Ed 386327).
Bolbol Amiri, A., Movaghar, M. & ShirKhodaei, M.(2017). Analysis of the Relationship between Ethical Workspace and Sales Staff Performance, Ethics in Science and Technology, 12th Year, No. 2, 2017. ( in Persian)
Chen, C.L. and Li, C.(2013)., Assessing the spiritual leadership effectiveness: The contribution of follower's self-concept and preliminary tests for moderation of culture and managerial position, The Leadership Quarterly, 24, (1), 240-255 .
Connor, K, Resilience M; Davidson, J. R. T (2003). Development of a New Resilience Scale: The Connor- Davidson Scale (CD-RISC). Journal of Depression and Anxiety 18: 76- 82 (2003).
Coombe,D.D. (2010). Secure-Base Leadership: a positive theory of leadership incorporating safety, exploration and positive action: case western reserve University. PHd Dissertation.
Cooper AL, Brown JA, Leslie GD. Nurse resilience for clinical practice: An integrative review. J Adv Nurs. 2021;00:1–18.
Danai fard, H., Alwani, S.M. & azar, A. (2013). Quantitative Research Methodology in Management: A Comprehensive Approach. 7th Edition, Tehran: Saffar Publications: Eshraghi.( in Persian)
Davari, A. & Rezazadeh, A.(2017). Modeling structural equations using softwarepls, Tehran: ACECR Publications, 4th edition.( in Persian)
Delgado, C., Upton, D., Ranse, K., Furness, T., & Foster, K. (2017). Nurses’ resilience and the emotional labour of nursing work: An integrative review of empirical literature. International journal of nursing studies70, 71-88.‏
Doo,  B.(2004).  Resilience.  Thinking   Aloud  world   with  newsletter,  1,   34.
Dyer, J., McGuinness, T.(1996). Resilience: An analysis of the concept. Archives Of Psychiatric Nursing, 10(5):276–82.
Ebrahimi, H., Nikravesh, M., Oskouie, F., & Ahmadi, F. (2015). Ethical behavior of nurses in decision-making in Iran. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research20(1), 147.‏
Elisabetta Sagone, Maria Elvira De Caroli(2013). Relationships between Resilience,Self-Efficacy, and Thinking Styles in Italian Middle Adolescents. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.763.
Fraedrich, J. (1993). The ethical behavior of retail managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 12: 207-218.
Grafton, E., Gillespie, B., & Henderson, S. (2010, November). Resilience: the power within. In Oncology nursing forum (Vol. 37, No. 6).
Hashemi, N., Vafajo, A. & Karami, Z.(2016). The relationship between psychological characteristics of commanders and managers of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences with management styles. ( in Persian)
Hauser, S. T., & Allen, J. P. (2007). Overcoming adversity in adolescence: Narratives of resilience. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 26(4), 549-576.‏
‏Henshall, C., Davey, Z., & Jackson, D. (2020). Nursing resilience interventions–A way forward in challenging healthcare territories. Journal of clinical nursing.‏
Hunt, S. (1990). Comentary on an empirical investigation of a general theory of marketing ethics. Journal of Academy Marketing Science, 18: 173-177.
Jahani, M. & Bahari, N.(2017). The relationship between security-oriented leadership components and job security of school administrators, 5th International Conference on Economics, Management, Accounting with Value Creation Approach, Shiraz, Elm Expert Managers Educational Institute.( in Persian)
Jalili, A. & Hosseinchari, M.(2011). Explaining psychological resilience in terms of self-efficacy in athlete and non-athlete students, Growth and learning of motor-sport, autumn and winter 2010. Issue(6), 131-153.( in Persian)
Jones , G,R (1998), “ organizational  theory” , New York , Addion wels  publishing  company , inc.
Karimi, M., Rajaipour, S. & Hoveyda, R.(2010). The relationship between dimensions of organizational climate and ethical behavior among employees of Isfahan University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Quarterly Journal of Leadership and Educational Management, 81-120. ( in Persian)
Keye, A & Pidgeon, A, (2013), An Investigation of the Relationship between Resilience, Mindfulness, and Academic Self-Efficacy, Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2013. Vol.1, No.6, 1-4, Published Online November 2013 in SciRes.
Khalijian, S.& Shams, G.(2017). Manufacturing and validation of instruments measures the leadership style of security-oriented. Journal of Leadership and Educational Management, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar. Year 11. Number (4). Winter 2018.( in Persian)
Khanjani, N.(2018). Causal model of relationships between security-oriented leadership components and work ethic mediated by the vitality of urmia university staff in 2017-2018. Master's Thesis, Urmia University.( in Persian)
Kumpfer.K.L(1999). Factor and processes contributing to resilience: The resilience Frame work. In: M.D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds). Resilience and develop. (pp. 179- 224). NEW YORK: kluwer academic publisher.
Libenberg, L &, Ungar, M. (2008). Resilience in action. Halifax: university of Torento press.
Lussier, N.R. (2000). Human Relations in Organizations: a Skill building Approach (2 nded). Homewood, il: Richarod D.Irwin. P: 512.
Lyu, L., Xu, L. Y., Liu, M., & Li, G. H. (2020). Resilience in new nurses: a qualitative study. Frontiers of Nursing7(2), 161-168.‏
Mahdieh, O. & Darvishi Kazanji, S.(2017). The relationship between job stress and nurses' resilience. Quarterly Journal of Nurse and Physician in Combat, 5th Year, No. (14). ( in persian)
Masten,A. S.(2009).Ordinary Magic: Lessons from research on resilience in human development. Education Canada,vol49(3):28-32 .
Mazaheri Rad, H. (2010). Ethical behavior- organizational behavior. Journal of Science- Management and Socio-Political, 105-108. ( in Persian)
McGee, E. M.(2006). The healthing circle: Resiliency in nurses. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 27, 43-57.
Moayedfar, S. (2006). Work ethic and factors affecting it among employees of government offices. Journal of Social Welfare, 6(23): 321-341. ( in Persian)
Mohsenpour, M. & Taheri Gudarzi, H. (2021). The correlation of ethical behavior with nurses' resilience: the mediating role of social acceptance and organizational trust, Journal of medical ethics - scientific research, 15(46), 1-17
Moss, A. Reible, D. Greeson, J. Bubb, R. Salmon, J. Newberg, A. (2015). Mindfulnessbased stress reduction program for elders in a continuing care retirement comiunity: quantitative and qualitative results from a pilot randomized controlled trial, Journal of applied gerontology, 44(4), 518-538.
Narendran,R(2015). W,rk Ethics and its impact on job Satisfaction of Indian management teacherst: An empirical study. International Journal of Reaserch Commerce and Management,3(10): 98-102.
Navran, F. (1992). Your role in shaping ethics. Executive Excellence, 9: 11-13.
Palomino, P. R. &,Martinez, R (2011), human resource management and ethical behaviour, Ramon llull journal of applied ethics, issue2.
Petty GC (1990). Development of the occupational work ethic inventory. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee-Knoxville.
Piran, M.(2016). The relationship between intellectual capital and social responsibility with ethical behavior of faculty members. Master's Thesis, University of Sistan and Baluchestan.(in Persian)
Qalavandi, H. & Ahmadian, Z. (2017). Relationship between the Secure-Based Leadership and Work Ethics. Ethics in Science and Technology, 11 (3) :39-48
Qalavandi, H. & Ahmadian, Z.(2016). The relationship between security-oriented leadership and work ethic. Quarterly Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology. Year 11. Number(3).( in Persian)
Rafiee, M. & Zahedi, S.(2013). The conceptual model of strategic coordination between ethical decision-making and human resources with performance, Ethics in Science and Technology, 8th year, No. (1), 15-26.( in Persian)
Razmpoosh, M., Ramezani, K., Moradpor, A. & Kolivand, P.(2018). The role of self-efficacy and resilience in nurses' quality of life. Shafa Khatam Journal, Volume 7, Issue 1.( in Persian)
Resnick, B. (2010). The relationship between resilience and motivation. In Rensick, B, Gwyther, L. P., & Roberto, K. A. (Eds.), Resilience in aging: Concepts, research and outcomes. (pp. 199-215). NewYork: Springer.
Sadeghi, H. & Sobhaninia, M.T.(2011). The Position of Self-Knowledge in Human Ethical Behavior, Quarterly Journal of Ethics, 4th Year, No. 12, 2-3. ( in Persian)
Salehi, S.A.(2015). The effect of human resource policies on organizational resilience. MSc Thesis in Public Administration, Human Resource Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University. ( in Persian)
Samani, s., Jokar, B. & Sahragard, N.(2007). Resilience, mental health and life satisfaction. Iranian Journal of Medicine and Clinical Psychology. ( in Persian)
Velez MJ, Neves P. (2018). Shaping emotional reactions to ethical behaviors: Proactive personality as a substitute for ethical leadership. The Leadership Quarterly; 29(6): 663-673. 17. Liu G, Niu X, Lin L. (2018). Gender moderates the effect of darkness on ethical behaviors: An explanation of disinhibition. Personality and Individual Differences; 130: 96-101.
Ventres W, Tunzi M. (2020). Ways of being in generalist practice: Using five "T" habits of mind to guide ethical behavior. Journal of Clinical Ethics; 31(2): 184-190.
Waller, Margaret A. (2001). Resilience in ecosystemic context: Evaluation of the concept. American Journal of orthopsychiatry. 71(3): 290-297.
Werner, E. E.& Smith, R. S.(2001). Journeys from childhood to midlife: Risk.resilience and recovery.Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Zhang Z(2011). On moral hazard of construction project visual organization. Proce Engin 2011; 12(1): 156-162.